/* Shared research hub and article navigation. */
.research-breadcrumbs {display:flex;flex-wrap:wrap;gap:10px;list-style:none;padding:0;margin:0 0 28px;font-size:14px;color:var(--text-muted)}
.research-breadcrumbs li+li::before {content:'/';margin-right:10px}
.research-breadcrumbs a,.research-toc a,.research-links a {text-decoration:underline;text-underline-offset:4px}
.research-byline {font-size:14px!important;line-height:1.6!important;margin-top:24px!important;color:var(--text-muted)!important}
.research-topics {display:flex;flex-wrap:wrap;gap:10px;margin:18px 0}
.research-topics a,.research-topics button {font:inherit;font-size:14px;padding:9px 16px;border:1px solid var(--border-strong);border-radius:999px;background:var(--bg-surface);color:var(--text);cursor:pointer}
.research-topics button[aria-pressed="true"] {background:var(--text);color:var(--bg-surface)}
.research-toc {border:1px solid var(--border);border-radius:var(--radius-lg);padding:24px;margin-top:32px;max-width:800px}
.research-toc ol {display:grid;grid-template-columns:1fr 1fr;gap:12px 30px;margin:16px 0 0;padding-left:24px}
.research-toc a {font-size:16px;line-height:1.5}
.research-library [hidden] {display:none!important}
.research-links {display:flex;gap:18px;flex-wrap:wrap;margin:24px 0;line-height:1.6}
.research-article section[id] {scroll-margin-top:110px}
.research-article .report-table caption {text-align:left;font-size:15px;line-height:1.6;margin-bottom:16px;color:var(--text-muted)}
.research-article .report-table th[scope="row"] {font-size:15px;letter-spacing:normal;text-transform:none;color:var(--text);font-weight:500}
.research-article .report-table-scroll {outline-offset:5px}
.research-article .report-method {margin-top:30px}
.research-article .report-method h3 {font-size:21px;line-height:1.4}
.research-article .report-method p,.research-article .report-method li {font-size:17px;line-height:1.8;max-width:850px}
.research-chart {width:100%;height:auto;display:block}
@media(max-width:767px) {
 .research-toc ol {grid-template-columns:1fr}
 .research-topics {gap:8px}
 .research-topics button {padding:8px 12px}
}

/* ==========================================================================
   Research hub (/blog/). Scoped to hub-only classes so article pages are
   unaffected. Same system as custom.css: white surfaces, hairlines, brand red
   as accent, one radius scale, one motion curve.
   ========================================================================== */

/* Hero ---------------------------------------------------------------------- */
.research-hero {position:relative;overflow:hidden;padding-bottom:64px}
.research-hero::before {content:"";position:absolute;inset:0;background-image:radial-gradient(rgba(17,18,20,0.11) 1px,transparent 1.2px);background-size:22px 22px;-webkit-mask-image:radial-gradient(60% 80% at 80% 20%,#000 0%,transparent 100%);mask-image:radial-gradient(60% 80% at 80% 20%,#000 0%,transparent 100%);pointer-events:none}
.research-hero .container {position:relative}
.research-hero .hero-actions {display:flex;align-items:center;gap:12px;flex-wrap:wrap;margin-top:32px}
.research-hero .secondary-btn {display:inline-flex;align-items:center;justify-content:center;min-height:42px;padding:10px 18px;border:1px solid var(--border-strong);border-radius:var(--radius-md);background:var(--bg-surface);color:var(--text);font-size:15px;font-weight:600;line-height:20px;text-decoration:none;transition:background var(--dur-fast) var(--ease-out),border-color var(--dur-fast) var(--ease-out)}
.research-hero .hero-actions .primary-btn,.research-hero .hero-actions .secondary-btn {display:inline-flex;align-items:center;justify-content:center;box-sizing:border-box;height:44px;min-height:44px;padding:0 20px;font-size:15px;font-weight:500;line-height:20px}
.research-hero .secondary-btn:hover {background:var(--bg-subtle);border-color:var(--text-faint)}
.research-stats {display:grid;grid-template-columns:repeat(3,minmax(0,1fr));margin:64px 0 0;padding:0;list-style:none;border-top:1px solid var(--border)}
.research-stats li {padding:26px 28px 32px 0;border-right:1px solid var(--border)}
.research-stats li+li {padding-left:28px}
.research-stats li:last-child {border-right:0}
.research-stats strong {display:block;font-family:var(--font-heading);font-size:34px;font-weight:700;letter-spacing:-0.9px;line-height:1.1;color:var(--text)}
.research-stats span {display:block;margin-top:6px;font-size:14px;line-height:1.5;color:var(--text-muted)}

/* Featured report ------------------------------------------------------------- */
.research-feature {position:relative;display:grid;grid-template-columns:minmax(0,1.15fr) minmax(0,0.85fr);gap:clamp(28px,4vw,64px);align-items:center;margin:0 0 72px;padding:clamp(28px,4.5vw,56px);border:1px solid var(--border);border-radius:var(--radius-xl);background:var(--bg-surface);box-shadow:var(--shadow-sm);overflow:hidden}
.research-feature::before {content:"";position:absolute;left:0;top:0;bottom:0;width:4px;background:var(--accent)}
.research-feature .section-kicker {display:flex;align-items:center;gap:10px;margin-bottom:22px;color:var(--text-muted)}
.research-feature .section-kicker .badge {display:inline-flex;align-items:center;padding:3px 9px;border-radius:var(--radius-pill);background:var(--accent-soft);color:var(--accent);font-size:11px;font-weight:700;letter-spacing:0.06em;line-height:16px}
.research-feature h2 {max-width:640px;font-size:clamp(30px,3.4vw,42px);letter-spacing:-1px;line-height:1.1;margin:0}
.research-feature h2 a {color:inherit;text-decoration:none}
.research-feature h2 a:hover {color:var(--accent)}
.research-feature p {max-width:600px;font-size:18px;line-height:1.7;margin:20px 0 0}
.research-feature .primary-btn {display:inline-flex;margin-top:30px}
.research-figure {position:relative;padding:28px 28px 24px;border:1px solid var(--border);border-radius:var(--radius-lg);background:var(--bg-subtle)}
.research-figure-label {display:block;font-family:var(--font-heading);font-size:15px;font-weight:500;line-height:1.4;color:var(--text);margin-bottom:22px}
.research-bars {list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0;display:grid;gap:18px}
.research-bars li {display:grid;grid-template-columns:minmax(0,1fr) auto;grid-template-areas:"name value" "bar bar";gap:8px 12px;align-items:baseline}
.research-bars .name {grid-area:name;font-size:14px;line-height:1.4;color:var(--text-secondary)}
.research-bars .value {grid-area:value;font-family:var(--font-heading);font-size:22px;font-weight:700;letter-spacing:-0.4px;line-height:1;color:var(--text)}
.research-bars .bar {grid-area:bar;height:10px;border-radius:var(--radius-xs);background:var(--accent-tint);overflow:hidden}
.research-bars .bar i {display:block;height:100%;width:var(--w,0%);border-radius:inherit;background:var(--accent);transform-origin:left center;animation:research-grow 700ms var(--ease-out) both}
.research-bars li:nth-child(2) .bar i {animation-delay:120ms}
@keyframes research-grow {from {transform:scaleX(0)}}
.research-feature .research-figure-note {max-width:none;margin:22px 0 0;padding-top:16px;border-top:1px solid var(--border);font-size:13px;line-height:1.5;color:var(--text-muted)}

/* Library header + toolbar ---------------------------------------------------- */
.research-library #articles {scroll-margin-top:110px;display:grid;grid-template-columns:minmax(0,1fr) auto;gap:8px 32px;align-items:end;margin-bottom:26px}
.research-library #articles .section-kicker {grid-column:1/-1;margin-bottom:0}
.research-library #articles h2 {margin:0;font-size:36px}
.research-library #articles > p {grid-column:1;max-width:560px;font-size:17px;line-height:1.6;margin:0;color:var(--text-secondary)}
.research-controls {margin-bottom:24px;padding:14px;border:1px solid var(--border);border-radius:var(--radius-lg);background:var(--bg-surface);box-shadow:var(--shadow-xs);display:grid;grid-template-columns:minmax(260px,380px) minmax(0,1fr);gap:12px 16px;align-items:center}
.research-search {position:relative;display:block}
.research-search label {position:absolute;width:1px;height:1px;overflow:hidden;clip:rect(0 0 0 0);white-space:nowrap}
.research-search svg {position:absolute;left:14px;top:50%;width:18px;height:18px;transform:translateY(-50%);color:var(--text-muted);pointer-events:none}
.research-search input {font:inherit;font-size:15px;width:100%;min-width:0;padding:12px 14px 12px 42px;border:1px solid var(--border-strong);border-radius:var(--radius-md);background:var(--bg-subtle);color:var(--text);transition:border-color var(--dur-fast) var(--ease-out),background var(--dur-fast) var(--ease-out),box-shadow var(--dur-fast) var(--ease-out)}
.research-search input::placeholder {color:var(--text-muted)}
.research-search input:hover {border-color:var(--text-faint)}
.research-search input:focus {outline:none;background:var(--bg-surface);border-color:var(--focus);box-shadow:0 0 0 3px rgba(35,85,245,0.15)}
.research-search kbd {position:absolute;right:12px;top:50%;transform:translateY(-50%);padding:2px 7px;border:1px solid var(--border);border-radius:var(--radius-xs);background:var(--bg-surface);font-family:var(--font-body);font-size:11px;line-height:16px;color:var(--text-muted);pointer-events:none}
.research-library .research-topics {margin:0;justify-content:flex-end;gap:8px}
.research-library .research-topics button {display:inline-flex;align-items:center;gap:8px;padding:8px 14px;font-size:14px;font-weight:500;border:1px solid var(--border);background:var(--bg-surface);color:var(--text-secondary);transition:background var(--dur-fast) var(--ease-out),border-color var(--dur-fast) var(--ease-out),color var(--dur-fast) var(--ease-out)}
.research-library .research-topics button:hover {border-color:var(--border-strong);color:var(--text);background:var(--bg-subtle)}
.research-library .research-topics button[aria-pressed="true"] {background:var(--text);border-color:var(--text);color:var(--text-inverse)}
.research-topic-count {display:inline-flex;align-items:center;justify-content:center;min-width:20px;height:20px;padding:0 6px;border-radius:var(--radius-pill);background:var(--bg-muted);font-size:11px;font-weight:600;line-height:1;color:var(--text-muted)}
.research-topic-count:empty {display:none}
.research-library .research-topics button[aria-pressed="true"] .research-topic-count {background:rgba(255,255,255,0.18);color:var(--text-inverse)}
.research-count {grid-column:1/-1;display:flex;align-items:center;gap:10px;margin:0;padding:12px 2px 0;border-top:1px solid var(--border);font-size:13px;line-height:1.5;color:var(--text-muted)}
.research-count:empty {display:none}
.research-count::before {content:"";width:6px;height:6px;border-radius:50%;background:var(--success)}

/* Cards ----------------------------------------------------------------------- */
.research-library .blog-list {grid-template-columns:repeat(2,minmax(0,1fr));gap:24px;margin-top:0}
.research-library .blog-card {position:relative;min-width:0;gap:0;padding:0;overflow:hidden;transition:border-color var(--dur) var(--ease-out),box-shadow var(--dur) var(--ease-out),transform var(--dur) var(--ease-out)}
.research-library .blog-card:hover {transform:translateY(-2px);box-shadow:var(--shadow-lg);border-color:var(--border-strong)}
.blog-card-cover {position:relative;display:flex;flex-direction:column;justify-content:space-between;gap:28px;min-height:176px;padding:22px 26px 20px;border-bottom:1px solid var(--border);background:var(--bg-subtle);overflow:hidden}
.blog-card-cover::before {content:"";position:absolute;inset:0;background-image:radial-gradient(rgba(17,18,20,0.13) 1px,transparent 1.2px);background-size:18px 18px;-webkit-mask-image:linear-gradient(115deg,transparent 35%,#000 100%);mask-image:linear-gradient(115deg,transparent 35%,#000 100%);pointer-events:none}
.blog-card-cover::after {content:"";position:absolute;right:-70px;bottom:-110px;width:240px;height:240px;border-radius:50%;background:var(--brand-wash);opacity:0.9;pointer-events:none}
.blog-card-cover > * {position:relative}
.blog-card-tags {display:flex;flex-wrap:wrap;gap:6px;margin:0;padding:0;list-style:none}
.blog-card-tags li {padding:4px 10px;border:1px solid var(--border);border-radius:var(--radius-pill);background:var(--bg-surface);font-family:var(--font-heading);font-size:11px;font-weight:500;letter-spacing:0.05em;line-height:16px;text-transform:uppercase;color:var(--text-secondary)}
.blog-card-stat strong {display:block;font-family:var(--font-heading);font-size:40px;font-weight:700;letter-spacing:-1.2px;line-height:1;color:var(--text)}
.blog-card-stat span {display:block;margin-top:6px;font-size:13px;line-height:1.5;color:var(--text-muted)}
.blog-card-body {display:flex;flex-direction:column;flex:1;gap:12px;padding:24px 26px 26px}
.research-library .blog-card h2 {font-size:23px;line-height:1.26;letter-spacing:-0.4px}
.research-library .blog-card h2 a {position:relative;z-index:1}
.research-library .blog-card p {font-size:15.5px;line-height:1.65}
.research-library .research-byline {display:flex;align-items:center;gap:8px;margin-top:auto!important;padding-top:18px}
.research-library .research-byline::after {content:"";flex:1}
.research-byline .dot {width:3px;height:3px;border-radius:50%;background:var(--text-faint)}
.research-card-link {display:inline-flex;align-items:center;gap:6px;margin-top:6px;padding-top:0;font-family:var(--font-heading);font-size:15px;font-weight:500;color:var(--accent);text-decoration:none}
.research-card-link::before {content:"";position:absolute;inset:0;z-index:0}
.research-card-link svg {width:16px;height:16px;transition:transform var(--dur) var(--ease-out)}
.research-library .blog-card:hover .research-card-link svg {transform:translateX(4px)}
.research-library .blog-card:hover h2 a {color:var(--accent)}
.research-empty {display:grid;justify-items:center;gap:14px;padding:48px 24px;border:1px dashed var(--border-strong);border-radius:var(--radius-lg);text-align:center;background:var(--bg-surface)}
.research-empty p {margin:0;font-size:16px}
.research-empty .primary-btn {display:inline-flex}
.research-library noscript p {margin-top:20px;font-size:14px;color:var(--text-muted)}

/* Standards strip ------------------------------------------------------------- */
.research-standards .detail-summary-grid {align-items:start}
.research-standards-list {grid-column:1/-1;display:grid;grid-template-columns:repeat(3,minmax(0,1fr));gap:16px;margin:36px 0 0;padding:0;list-style:none}
.research-standards-list li {display:grid;gap:10px;padding:24px;border:1px solid var(--border);border-radius:var(--radius-lg);background:var(--bg-surface)}
.research-standards-list svg {width:22px;height:22px;color:var(--accent)}
.research-standards-list strong {font-family:var(--font-heading);font-size:17px;font-weight:500;color:var(--text)}
.research-standards-list p {margin:0;font-size:15px;line-height:1.6;color:var(--text-secondary)}

/* Related links: arrow on hover ----------------------------------------------- */
.research-page .detail-related-link {position:relative;padding-right:52px}
.research-page .detail-related-link::after {content:"";position:absolute;right:22px;top:50%;width:10px;height:10px;border-top:2px solid var(--text-faint);border-right:2px solid var(--text-faint);transform:translateY(-50%) rotate(45deg);transition:transform var(--dur) var(--ease-out),border-color var(--dur) var(--ease-out)}
.research-page .detail-related-link:hover::after {border-color:var(--accent);transform:translate(4px,-50%) rotate(45deg)}

@media (prefers-reduced-motion:reduce) {
 .research-bars .bar i {animation:none}
 .research-library .blog-card,.research-card-link svg,.research-page .detail-related-link::after {transition:none}
 .research-library .blog-card:hover {transform:none}
}
@media (max-width:991px) {
 .research-feature {grid-template-columns:1fr}
 .research-feature h2 {max-width:none}
 .research-controls {grid-template-columns:1fr}
 .research-library .research-topics {justify-content:flex-start}
 .research-library #articles {grid-template-columns:1fr;align-items:start}
 .research-standards-list {grid-template-columns:1fr}
}
@media (max-width:767px) {
 .research-stats {grid-template-columns:1fr;margin-top:40px}
 .research-stats li {padding:18px 0;border-right:0;border-bottom:1px solid var(--border)}
 .research-stats li+li {padding-left:0}
 .research-stats li:last-child {border-bottom:0}
 .research-stats strong {font-size:28px}
 .research-feature {margin-bottom:48px;padding:24px 20px}
 .research-feature p {font-size:16px}
 .research-figure {padding:20px}
 .research-library #articles h2 {font-size:30px}
 .research-library .blog-list {grid-template-columns:1fr;gap:16px}
 .blog-card-cover {min-height:0;padding:18px 20px}
 .blog-card-stat strong {font-size:32px}
 .blog-card-body {padding:20px}
 .research-search kbd {display:none}
}

/* Collateral descriptions: source text alongside its practical interpretation. */
.collateral-examples {display:grid;grid-template-columns:repeat(2,minmax(0,1fr));gap:24px;margin:32px 0}
.collateral-example {padding:28px;border:1px solid var(--border);border-radius:var(--radius-lg);background:var(--bg-surface);min-width:0}
.collateral-example h3 {font-size:25px;line-height:1.25;margin:12px 0 22px;color:var(--text)}
.collateral-example blockquote,.collateral-feature blockquote {margin:0 0 24px;padding:20px;border-left:3px solid var(--accent);border-radius:0 8px 8px 0;background:var(--bg-subtle);font-family:var(--font-heading);font-size:22px;line-height:1.5;color:var(--text);overflow-wrap:anywhere}
.collateral-example p {font-size:17px;line-height:1.75;color:var(--text-secondary);margin:18px 0 0}
.collateral-example p.report-note {font-size:14px;line-height:1.7;color:var(--text-muted)}
.collateral-fields {display:grid;grid-template-columns:repeat(3,minmax(0,1fr));gap:16px;margin:24px 0}
.collateral-fields dt {font-size:11px;line-height:1.5;text-transform:uppercase;letter-spacing:.05em;color:var(--text-muted);margin-bottom:7px}
.collateral-fields dd {font-size:15px;line-height:1.5;font-weight:600;margin:0;overflow-wrap:anywhere;color:var(--text)}
.collateral-workflow {max-width:850px;padding-left:26px;margin:32px 0}
.collateral-workflow li {padding-left:10px;margin:0 0 24px;color:var(--text);font-size:19px;line-height:1.5}
.collateral-workflow li::marker {color:var(--accent);font-weight:600}
.collateral-workflow p {font-size:17px;line-height:1.8;margin:8px 0 0;color:var(--text-secondary)}
.collateral-feature blockquote {margin-top:20px;font-size:24px;background:var(--bg-surface)}
@media(max-width:991px) {.collateral-examples {grid-template-columns:1fr}}
@media(max-width:767px) {.collateral-example {padding:22px}.collateral-example blockquote {font-size:20px}.collateral-fields {gap:12px}.collateral-example h3 {font-size:23px}}

@media (max-width:767px) {
 .research-hero {padding-bottom:40px}
 .research-hero .hero-actions {align-items:stretch}
}

.research-article #read-context .report-callout {margin-bottom:32px}